NOTICE: ‘Family Scapegoating Abuse’ (FSA) or ‘Family Scapegoat Abuse’ is a clinical term and research-based framework originated by Rebecca C. Mandeville. To ensure clinical integrity and survivor safety, no practitioners are currently licensed or certified to use these proprietary terms. Official Clinical Certification begins in 2027.

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Family Scapegoating Abuse (FSA) Education

Category: Narcissistic versus Dysfunctional Family Systems

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